Fundamentals of Power System Protection
Power System Protection is a fascinating subject. A protection scheme in a power system is designed to continuously monitor the power system to ensure maximum continuity of electrical supply with minimum damage to hfe, equipment, and property. While designing the protective schemes, one has to understand the fault characteristics of the individual power system elements. One should also be knowledgeable about the tripping characteristics of various protective relays. The job of the protection engineer is to devise such schemes where closest possible match between the fault characteristics and the tripping characteristics is obtained. The design has to ensure that relays will detect undesirable conditions and then trip to disconnect the area affected, but remain restrained at all other times However, there is statistical evidence that a large number of relay trippings are due to improper or inadequate settings than due to genulne faults. It is therefore necessary that students should be equipped with sound concepts of power system protection to enable them to handle unforeseen circumstances in real life. Whenever a tripping takes place it has all the elements of intrigue, drama, and suspense. A lot of detective work is usually undertaken to understand the reason behind the tripping. It needs to be established why the relay has tripped. Whether it should have tripped at all. What and where was the fault? These are some of the questions required to be answered. This is because a power system is a highly complex and dynamic entity. It is always in a state of flux. Generators may be in or out of sewice. New loads are added all the time. A single malfunction at a seemingly unimportant location has the potential to trigger a systemwide disturbance. In view of such possible consequences, a protective system with surgical accuracy is the only insurance against potentially large losses due to electrical faults. Protective relays are meant to mitigate the effects of faults. This text refers to full range of relays, from electromechanical relays to modern digital relays, to protect power transmission lines, generators, transformers, busbars and motors. However, it is ironic that each additional protective relay also increases the likelihood interference through its own fault (of the relay). This could be an area where Protection tends to become an art. Security engineers must strike a balance between threat awareness and security provided by the protection program. The book focuses on teaching basic concepts and link design aspects of protection relay diagrams. Written in a simple, clear and understandable style, This cutting-edge text provides electrical engineering students with an enjoyable experience User-friendly and simple presentation. The text contains numerous figures, block diagrams and tables to illustrate discussed concepts. The graphs are annotated extensively. Students are invited to Take a moment to read the captions on the figures to make learning easy and concepts are reinforced. Although the book's audience consists mainly of final year electrical engineers students, practicing engineers, interested in learning the basic concepts of power system protection, will also find it useful. The authors warmly welcome comments and suggestions from readers to improve the book.
Book Title : Fundamentals of Power System Protection
Authors : Y.G.Paithankar and S.R.Bhide
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