Human resource management (HRM or HR) is the management of human resources. It is
commonly referred to as the HR Department to maximize employee performance in service of
an employer`s strategic objectives. Human Resource is primarily concerned with the
management of people within organizations, focusing on policies and on systems. HR
departments are responsible for overseeing employeebenefits design, employee recruitment,
training and development, performance appraisal, and rewarding (e.g., managing pay and
benefit systems). HR also concerns itself with organizational change and industrial relations,
that is, the balancing of organizational practices with requirements arising from collective
bargaining and from governmental laws. HR is a product of the human relations movement of the early 20th century, when researchers
began documenting ways of creating business value through the strategic management of the
workforce.[citation needed] It was initially dominated by transactional work, such as payroll
and benefits administration, but due to globalization, company consolidation, technological
advances, and further research, HR as of 2015 focuses on strategic initiatives like mergers and
acquisitions, talent management, succession planning, industrial and labor relations, and
diversity and inclusion.
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